Structure-guided immunogen and immunotherapeutic design
Structural biology is essential for the rational design of novel vaccines, drugs, immunotherapeutics, or other biologics. Stabilised HIV-1 envelope antigens have facilitated the discovery of rare broad and potently neutralizing antibodies, and structure-guided stabilisation of coronavirus spikes facilitated the rapid design of SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccines. Similarly, snakebite envenomation, which kills >135,000 people annually, remains a…